Friday, November 29, 2019

Thousand Pieces of Gold Essay Example

Thousand Pieces of Gold Paper First she lived in China with her family. Her family is poor so she fears that she is going to lose her home. When she gets sold she loses her home and her family. She wants to escape from the bandits and run back home, but she escape. Then she get? bought and sent to the united States. She still thinks her home Is back In China and she plans to gather gold and use It to buy her way back there. She meets Jim, who to free her, but he dies and that ends her hope of going back to China. The person who buys her was Hong King, and Poly lives in the back mom of his saloon. After Charlie frees Poly, they live together and she realize her home is in the United States. They marry and move to Salmon Canyon to farm. Lulu lost her home, but eventually finds one with Charlie where she can be free. Lulu loses her first home in China tragically. Lulu gets caught by the bandit leader when she runs out of her hiding place to get a basket of potatoes. The bandit leader is Chin, her old laborer. Father tries to be brave and stand up for Lulu, but Chin threatens to kill his whole family because he knows all the holding places. There begs to make him let her go, but Chin offers to pay for her. Lulu tries to persuade him to let her go, but he refuse. Then Chin calls Ouzo to bring some seeds and throw them in front of father. ? stared at her father, willing him not to pick them up. He reached out, hesitated, then looked up at Lulu, his eyes pleading for understanding. She twisted her face away, a sob strangling in her throat. Behind her, she heard him snatch the bag an d scoop up the spilled 50) Her father has to decide between his daughter and the survival of the rest of the family. It shows how she is leaving her mom. We will write a custom essay sample on Thousand Pieces of Gold specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Thousand Pieces of Gold specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Thousand Pieces of Gold specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Lulu is happy with her family, but her father sells her and she loses it. She is thrown out of the house Like not family. She loses her home for two bags of seeds. She come back to the family If she really wanted too. Now that she Is sold she go back to her family, because she doses? belong to them anymore. Poly know where she belongs. Poly and Charlie are walking to the top of the hill, and when they get there and look down Poly sees that to the left is the white part of Warrens where she lives with Charlie. There they are celebrating the Fourth of July with loud music and fireworks. To the right is Chinatown where they any celebrating and are acting like it is a regular day. Remember one time a man bring a performing monkey to my village. The man divide the audience in two and give each side one end of a rope to hold. Then the monkey walk carefully back and forth between the two sides. At each end, he stop a little bit, but he cannot stay, and so he walk again until he so tired, he 178-179) Poly Is going back and forth between the Chinese and the whites. Poly lives with Charlie In the white part of Warrens, but she Is Chinese and works In Chinatown. She is stuck in the middle. She know where she belongs or where to call none. Poly has to save her own home with Charlie. Poly leads Charlie out the house because she has a surprise. They talk about the canyon and how the river is frozen. They talk about taking trips to the Hump. Then Poly says that the Hump the only place people take trips. Charlie says yes it is. Poly says that Charlie is going to Warrens to file the mining claim. She dragged away broken pine branches laden with clumps of new snow, revealing a ditch exactly four feet square and ten feet 235) She digs a ditch even though it was frozen solid. Chinese own land which means that Poly still free and still needs to be taken care of. With the mining claim Poly can own her own land, her own house and be free. She can protect her land from miners if they try to take their land. Lulu life is about making her own freedom. Lulu loses her family and her home in China. In Warrens Poly know were she belongs. Finally she realizes her home is with Charlie in Salmon Canyon. Poly is sold from her happy family and home and never allowed back. Poly is stuck between the whites and Chinese. She know were she belongs. She finds her home in Salmon Canyon with Charlie.

Monday, November 25, 2019

Free Essays on Free On Balance

Free on Balance What does one mean when he/she makes the statement, â€Å"John is more free than Richard†? Joel Feinberg suggests that making such a statement means grouping different kinds of freedoms together. A more complete statement is perhaps; â€Å"John is freer on balance than Richard.† Free on balance means that all one’s freedoms are, in a sense, summed up, and that a certain value may be given to all one’s freedoms as a collective group. The fact that this grouping may be inappropriate is demonstrated by the difficulty in comparing someone who is free to do x but not y with someone else who is free to do y but not x. To logically choose which person is freer (on balance) requires an assessment of freedom x and freedom y and a placing of value on both. For example, if a person is free to leave the house but not free to make criticism of anything he/she sees, saying he/she is less free than someone else who cannot leave the house but can make any criticisms he/she wishes simply means that the freedom to criticize is more valuable than the freedom of movement. This point is important philosophically because one problem with â€Å"free on balance† statements is that they are inherently formal, or ambiguous, and therefore cannot stand alone, but rather needs other values to assist in the â€Å"ranking† of freedoms. Feinberg points out that the values used to supplement a free on balance comparison  "†¦are not external to freedom in the manner of such independently conceived rival ideals as justice and welfare,† instead, they are an internal filling-in of the ambiguity of most â€Å"free on balance† ideas. A relevant philosophical application of such an idea might be looking at a noise pollution debate as a conflict of freedoms of a different nature. The freedoms in conflict are 1) the freedom of a person to listen to what he/she wants to listen to, at whatever volume grants maximum satisfaction for that individ... Free Essays on Free On Balance Free Essays on Free On Balance Free on Balance What does one mean when he/she makes the statement, â€Å"John is more free than Richard†? Joel Feinberg suggests that making such a statement means grouping different kinds of freedoms together. A more complete statement is perhaps; â€Å"John is freer on balance than Richard.† Free on balance means that all one’s freedoms are, in a sense, summed up, and that a certain value may be given to all one’s freedoms as a collective group. The fact that this grouping may be inappropriate is demonstrated by the difficulty in comparing someone who is free to do x but not y with someone else who is free to do y but not x. To logically choose which person is freer (on balance) requires an assessment of freedom x and freedom y and a placing of value on both. For example, if a person is free to leave the house but not free to make criticism of anything he/she sees, saying he/she is less free than someone else who cannot leave the house but can make any criticisms he/she wishes simply means that the freedom to criticize is more valuable than the freedom of movement. This point is important philosophically because one problem with â€Å"free on balance† statements is that they are inherently formal, or ambiguous, and therefore cannot stand alone, but rather needs other values to assist in the â€Å"ranking† of freedoms. Feinberg points out that the values used to supplement a free on balance comparison  "†¦are not external to freedom in the manner of such independently conceived rival ideals as justice and welfare,† instead, they are an internal filling-in of the ambiguity of most â€Å"free on balance† ideas. A relevant philosophical application of such an idea might be looking at a noise pollution debate as a conflict of freedoms of a different nature. The freedoms in conflict are 1) the freedom of a person to listen to what he/she wants to listen to, at whatever volume grants maximum satisfaction for that individ...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Personal Statement, My Personal Experiences Essay

Personal Statement, My Personal Experiences - Essay Example His ambition for his children has often placed me in challenging positions. The most challenging of these was when, following the completion of my secondary education, he decided to transfer me to SMUK-1 BPK Penabur, the most difficult and best high school in Indonesia. I did not want to transfer and quite honestly, did not feel that I was capable of succeeding in such a competitive and tough educational environment where students where, to a large degree, expected to rely on themselves for success or failure. The environment, being so very different from what I was accustomed to, frightened me and for much of my first high school year, I was miserable. It was, within the limits of my experience, a period of tremendous intellectual and psychological hardship. Besides being extremely competitive and difficult, I had no friends at SMUK-1 BPK Penabur. There was, therefore, no one to guide me through this period and, at the same time, my father demanded nothing less than excellence. All I could do, therefore, was accept the situation and apply myself as I had never in my life done. While I recall this as a miserable year, the fact is that I succeeded and achieved the grades demanded of me. More importantly, I discovered that nothing is really ever too difficult. (2) As Indone

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

History of Interpretation paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History of Interpretation paper - Essay Example This is a pointer to the progressive mission which Jesus had. He was not on earth for an instance but to carry out a continuous mission. Knowing that the questioner may have tuned to out to be hypothetical as was seen in Luke 10: 29 where one asked about whom his neighbor was, Jesus gave his answer to the question by posing a personal challenge. He calls on the individuals in the crowd to act in a way which will show that they are saved. In verse 24, Luke gives the condition for getting to eternal life by stating that people will â€Å"struggle to enter† the kingdom. The term agonizomai implies that â€Å"the few† will have to cope with â€Å"the many† for entry through a limited space. The struggle will be compounded by the short duration of time that those seeking to enter will have. Luke goes ahead to talk about the â€Å"narrow door†. In this verse, it may appear as though Luke has lost contrast as he does not talk of the wide gate which is seen in Matthew 7:1. However, this may have been intentionally done to provide a quick answer to the audience about the process of getting into the kingdom. Burns furthers this line of thought by noting that interpretation of the verse requires considering of two issues (588). First, is the aspect of entering the place being talked of. From the text, it is plain that Luke is talking about entering the Kingdom of God. After stating that the audience should â€Å"strive to enter through the narrow door†, he goes ahead to allude to a master of a particular house who stands and shuts the door to bar others from entering. The alternative to entering the narrow gate which Luke is referring to is found in the book of Mathew where it is stated â€Å"Enter by the narrow gate. For the gate is wide and the way is easy that leads to destruction† (Matt. 7:13). Luke goes ahead to state that as the audience strive to enter the narrow gate, there are obstacles that they have to overcome so as

Monday, November 18, 2019

Evolution Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Evolution Questions - Assignment Example When meiosis occurs, genes are segregated at random and events such as crossing over can occur, which causes increased genetic variation. In larger populations, the allelic combinations typically stay stable over time. However, in smaller populations, any type of variation or production of one gene over another due to chance can have a large change in the gene pool frequencies. The most useful way to think about this concept is in terms of the Hardy Weinberg Equation, which is a quadratic formula that calculates the genetic frequencies of the homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, and heterozygous expressions. The Hardy Weinberg Equation uses the letters P and Q in order to addresses the alleles for a population with homozygous dominant being p2, homozygous recessive being q2, and heterozygous being pq. Normally, in a standard population and statistically valid population, the ratios would be the same. Like stated above there are multiple factors, which can then affect the ratio of these allelic frequencies. Some of the organisms may survive due to supremacy of the traits they expressed or the randomness of gamete formation may lead to an unproportional expression in traits. For example, lets consider a population which has allelic frequencies of p=0.3 and q=0.7. ... This is because a statistical change in allelic frequencies in a smaller population due to chance has a larger and more significant effect because the population, N, is smaller. Therefore, the effect size is larger. The reason that it is not as powerful in populations with a large N value is because it is thought that the chance of one allelic combination being produced over the other is negligible, therefore they cancel out which shows that there is no real resulting chance in the frequencies of the gene pool. DNA replication is a process, which is ongoing at every moment in every organism. It is important in order to ensure that the structure of the genetic code remains viable for reproduction, however the code becomes more disrupted every time that it is replicated. These mistakes are mutations, which occur in the replication of DNA can cause either desirable or undesirable traits to form. This is one of the basis in which evolution is thought to occur. Different types of mutation s have different effects on evolution. Replacement mutations are much lower than substitution mutations. These are thought to effect neutral genes, which remain structurally similar over time. Substitution mutations are thought to happen in genes that are dynamic and are quick changing in that this is the main mutation, which promotes the most genetic variation. Conservation biology is the field of biology that is directed specifically at understanding and protecting the biodiversity of the Earth. Understanding the role and relationship of species in their habitats and ecosystems does this. Specifically, Templeton was concerned with the human activity, which was having an affect on genetic variation of the collared lizards in the

Saturday, November 16, 2019

The Continued Growth Of Oreo

The Continued Growth Of Oreo Oreo can be satisfying more that just the drive (hunger). Oreo satisfies the nurturing need example, a mother having difficulties in feeding her 4 to 6 years old child with some nutrition food, can consider Oreo to feed her child with a sip of milk. Oreo satisfies the imitation need example, kids watching the Oreo ad on TVs while the other kids are enjoying twisting, that cookies licking and dunking the cookie into a glass of milk.This forces the that cookie right away and imitate the same steps. Oreo also adults like to have fun once in a while individually or even with their kids. Growth in the Saudi Arabian biscuit market is being driven mainly by two factors. Firstly, the marked increase in advertising spend by multinationals such as Nabisco, Master Foods and Danone. Secondly, the popularity of emerging products such as chocolate-coated biscuits and bread substitutes, which have recently been launched in the market. Research has shown that biscuits, particularly sweet biscuits, are generally sold at low prices, averaging between SR0.25 and SR2 (US $0.06-US $0.53), or a single-serve pack and enjoy excellent distribution in all outlets. The biscuits sector is highly developed owing to the strength of the local industry in Saudi Arabia, represented by large manufacturers such as United Food Industries. Oreo sales showed a fluctuating result during the past 13 years. When Oreo initially was launched into the market, sales increased to a high extent for about 3 years but then sales decreased for a long period during 1997 to 2002. Oreo marketing became aware of their loses and immediately went back to action and changed their marketing mix and started to introduce several different new products. This effort resulted with high sales in 2008. Sales were amounted to $4 billion and market share 41%. 2.0 Background Oreo 3.0 Marketing Mix 3.1 Product The basic design of an OREO cookie has not changed since its introduction: two round chocolate cookie wafer joined by sweet vanilla crà ¨me filling. 3.2 Promotion Key factors in the continued growth of OREO are the brands award-winning advertising and best-in-class consumer promotions. The brands approach to engaging consumers stays true to its essence: creating connections through the classic OREO and milk ritual that brings people together in moments of childlike delight. Whether its twisting, licking, dunking, or a combination of all three, OREO offers everyday moments of connection that other snack brands cannot match. Throughout the years, the brand has brought to life the powerful OREO and milk connection in a number of innovative advertising and promotional channels. One unique example is a panoramic elevator in a shopping mall that dramatizes the traditional OREO and milk connection: a picture of an OREO cookie on the elevator dunks into a glass of milk as the elevator descends. Because the OREO and milk moment is central to the brands identity, the advertising tagline was switched from Americas Favorite Cookie to Milks Favorite Cookie. Another unique trait of OREO is the brands unified worldwide marketing strategy. While the communications are translated and adapted for local cultures, the core communication of special moments of childlike delight enabled by the TWIST, LICK, AND DUNK ritual using an OREO and milk is consistent across the globe. With significant investment in promotions and public relations, the OREO brand has forged strong, lasting connections with consumers. Two signature marketing programs over the last 10 years have been the OREO Global Moments contest and the Double Stuf Racing League. In 2008 the brand hosted the OREO Global Moments contest, which asked OREO fans around the world to submit videos depicting a special OREO and Milk Moment. Consumers from eight different countries on four different continents entered videos depicting a wide range of OREO and Milk Moments. From original OREO-themed songs and animated skits to family lessons on OREO dunking techniques, fans showed their passion for the brand with every video submission. The winning video, which depicted a little girl giving her last OREO cookie and a glass of milk to a soldier, was featured on the YouTube homepage for a day. OREO recently energized the popular act of twisting, licking, and dunking by launching the Double Stuff Racing League (DSRL). The DSRL is a different way to enjoy the classic OREO cookie and milk ritual. Its a fun activity that family and friends can enjoy together, racing to see who can finish an OREO DOUBLE STUF cookie and glass of milk the fastest. Racers twist their cookie open, lick off all the crà ¨me, dunk it in milk, eat the cookie, and drink the glass of milk. The first to finish twisting, licking, and dunking wins. Commercials in recent years have featured numerous celebrity athletes as DSRL athletes, which has driven significant media attention to this unique campaign and resulted in very positive consumer response. OREO DOUBLE STUF consumption has grown almost 10 percent since the launch of the DSRL in 2008.4 In keeping with the changing media landscape, OREO has elevated its strategy by connecting millions of passionate fans to each other (and the brand) through social media. Social media networks such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube are ideal tools for a brand like OREO, whose strategy is rooted in connecting family and friends. The brands foundation of connections in combination with the global reach of OREO lends credibility to the two-way conversations that social media platforms enable on a daily basis. Consumers who like OREO on Facebook also receive brand updates, such as exclusive behind-the-scenes content from OREO advertising shoots and new product news. By embracing the new opportunity to connect with consumers, OREO has emerged as a leader in social media and currently hosts one of the largest consumer packaged goods-branded Facebook pages.5 Whether its through social media or lick racing contests, OREO is reaching consumers through award-winning advertisements, unique promotions, and public relation campaigns that continue to build the OREO brand equity. 3.3 Place 3.4 Price 4.0 Suggestion Marketing Mix Product: Develop new sandwiches which contain less calories, less fat, less cocoa powder and less salt. Customer has been complaining about the packaging for the past years. And in order to overcome this issue, the package should be given a new look to attract more customer. The labeling should be clear and nutritional information should be specific and not hypothetical such as May contain milk protein!!! Price: Maintain their current prices. Maintain a fixed price for all specific products overall the Riyadh market. Place: Oreo should improve their market existence. Example: In Hail-Al-Wazarat, his cold stores Bagalas dont have Oreo products. Promotion: Their promotions havent shown much about their organizations, TV commercials were for a short time and ever since they havent shown any other particular promotions. They should get in contact with Advertising Agencies for better improved commercials. Their websites provide less information about the whole organization (Internal /External). Aim for different promotional medias as Bill boards, Flyers, etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. 5.0 Conclusion

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Birth and Beyond :: essays research papers

Birth & Beyond of Sacramento, is a non-profit health care agency whose main focus is to provide family support services in a form of family resource centers and home visitations where a personal home visitor is recruited from the same neighborhood they serve to provide the caregiver the help he/she needs on how to give a better care for the child. Their mission is to support the caregiver in all areas such as job referral and training, how best to communicate with other parents in the neighborhood, the best way to overcome obstacles that the family might be facing, and how to better use the community resources such as transit system or comprehensive health care services. All these services are provided until the age of five of the youngest child in the family. The family resource centers offers support in budgeting, parenting groups, health, immunization, overall child development, class sessions for anybody who would like to learn Spanish, English, Hmong, or Russian, and Play and G row groups which are parent/child bonding classes through arts and crafts and kid connection. In addition to the family resource centers and the home visitations, families also have the support of the team of consultants and specialists such as Nurses and Family health counselors, joined together to coordinate a full range of services for the families. (www.birth-beyond.com/Content/Learn-Participate/Learn_More.htm). The geographical area served by Birth & Beyond is the Sacramento County which houses nine different Family Resource Centers. Each resource center is responsible for certain zip codes areas of the Sacramento County. Many serve up-to five different zip code areas, however Meadowview Family Resource Center only serves the zip codes 95822, 95831, and 95832. (www.birth-beyond.com/Content/Locations/FRC_map.htm). According to Heather Blanchard, Meadowview Family Resource Center serves one hundred and thirty families, in which fifteen are Spanish speaking families and five are English speakers. Home visitation services are provided to ten families. This center has the capacity to serve two hundred families. Birth & Beyond is open to anyone who would like to improve the care of their children. However, since Meadowview Family Resource Center is located on Florin Road, the population that frequents this facility the most is Spanish speakers. The youngest client at this facility as of now is a fifteen year old female who started attending at this facility at the age of thirteen and the oldest person is forty-one. This facility is visited by 99% females and .

Monday, November 11, 2019

The Ethics of Human Resources

Ethics in business may involved everything including hiring decisions, pricing decisions, strategic decisions, and so on. The need for a process for making ethical decisions in business is great. There are a large number of instances where ethical decisions are necessary in business operations, and corporations find that they can get themselves into trouble even when they are trying to be ethical if they do not have a strong and effective procedural structure to guide employees in making such decisions. The Human Resources department must operate with ethical standards that are clear and that address the kinds of issues this department will face. The HR professional handles more than hiring and firing of employees, also being responsible in some degree for orientation, training, union negotiations, decisions regarding compensation, special programs for addressing workplace problems, and so on. All of these tasks must be infused with an ethical structure that helps HR professionals make good decisions. Hallier and Leopold (1996) note the nature of defining the problem of characterizing the personnel function by pointing out that the terminology is â€Å"ambiguous, contradictory and controversial† (p. 46) and yet as a discipline on which a good deal is placed: At its most ambitious, however, HRM has been seen and promoted as a set of beliefs and practices which are radically different from those of traditional personnel management. Most significantly, the management of the workforce is seen as central, if not the key, to competitive advantage (Hallier & Leopold, 1996, p. 46). To a degree, the distinction made between personnel and HRM is only a matter of terminology, yet more respect is accorded HRM than the personnel function in the literature. Human Resource Managers will have to respond to a number of demographic changes in coming years, each requiring some special consideration, including older workers, minority groups, and single and childless couples. Managers will have some guidance in these areas from legislation passed to cope with the changes and to both protect workers and define the rights of business to make certain decisions. The breadth of issues facing HR professionals is indicated by Lachnit (2002) when she writes, How does your company treat employees when they bring management bad news or unpopular opinions? Are your organization's core values real, or are they just pretty words to be inscribed on corporate trinkets (para. 5). There is no doubt that the relationship between the worker and the average company has been changing for some time, with less job security and more flexibility for the company. This has created particular problems in the public eye, notably a perception that older workers are not being treated fairly (as one analyst notes, â€Å"Age discrimination is the most frequent type of discrimination complaint; it is not only unlawful, it is bad business† [Age discrimination in the workplace, 2005]) or that minorities may not be given sufficient opportunity if affirmative action programs are outlawed in the future. Managers may have to develop more creative ways to achieve diversity and to incorporate demographic changes into their thinking, but they first have to recognize the scope of the problem and the need for creative solutions. Human resource development (HRD) has three important components–training, education, and development. When the three are properly coordinated, HRD has a positive effect on worker productivity and so on the productivity of the company. Training improves the performance of workers and so increases their motivation, and as they work harder and produce more, the company profits. HRD is also dedicated to seeing to it that skills do not become obsolescent. Employees may have their skills upgraded through added training and education, and this benefits them in terms of promotion. Workplace diversity is another issue that will remain important. A recent survey among members of the International Association of Business Communicators found that diversity was one of the most critical challenges faced by these communicators (Geddie, 1999, pp. 27-30). These professionals found that cultural and language diversity can pose significant barriers to effective communication, but there are other factors which can be equally daunting. In addition to cultural and language diversity, the American workplace is increasingly made up of individuals with varying degrees of technical competence as well as educational backgrounds. Mergers can bring together employees from different corporate cultures as well, and overcoming differences in corporate cultures can sometimes be as difficult as overcoming differences in national origin. Translators can address the differences between languages and culture, but cannot help a company when it merges with another organization and needs to synthesize a new corporate culture. In these situations, the best approach is to develop a corporate communication strategy which should be in accordance with the company's overall strategic goals and objectives (Geddie, 1999, p. 38). Diversity training also needs to take into account the various levels of the organization. It is common, for example, for companies to provide diversity training at the low and mid? levels of an organization, but to ignore the executive level. Despite the gains which have been made by minorities and women, the executive level in many companies remains largely white male, and there is sometimes the belief that diversity training and effective interpersonal communication training is not needed at these levels (Flynn, 1999, p. 52). Leadership is required throughout organizations, but it is necessary in the HR department as these changes are implemented in order to assure that the changeover is smooth, that needs are met, that laws and regulations are fulfilled, that workers are satisfied and motivated, and that the needs of both workers and employers are met to the degree possible. The HR professional has a role in this process. The Human Resources professional has to understand human behavior and is also involved in shaping that behavior, and this is why Human Resources can be called a behavioral science. The HR professional has to be capable in several areas of human behavior, including communication and motivation Warnick (1993) discusses the importance of communication for the Human Resources professional, which he says is the single most difficult profession in the business world today. In part, he says this because of the communication requirements placed on the professional. He states that employees expect the professional to take up their cause and resolve issues in their favor; line executives expect him or her to take care of â€Å"people problems† no matter what the cause; and top management expects him or her to keep the company out of legal problems and to maintain high employee morale. The HR professional must advise management on a variety of issues but especially in areas that concern laws or guidelines involving employee rights. The need to keep the company out of legal problems begins with the HR professional's job of advising and counseling employees to ensure that they do not feel the need to appeal to any of the many government agencies that now exist to provide redress. In these two roles, however, there is a potential for disaster because they are conflicting roles. The model for civil law in the U. S. is adversarial, and this is true in labor law as well. Warnick asks how it is possible for the HR professional to advise management and still maintain confidence in management's possible legal position while at the same time advising employees about what's in their best interest? The professional who gives too much weight to either side will lose the confidence of the other. The HR professional is a communication facilitator who is management's spokesperson and the employees' advocate. He or she is expected to play a peacemaker role. Communication between management and employees is the responsibility of human resources. When management decides that a change is needed, Human Resources announces, explains, and justifies the change. Human resources also takes the concerns of employees and employee issues to management for consideration, review, and possible redress. Employees expect human resources to serve as their advocate and to plead their cause to management.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Learning Theories and Styles Essays

Learning Theories and Styles Essays Learning Theories and Styles Essay Learning Theories and Styles Essay Before we choose the appropriate model for a training program, we can take a look in the learning styles and theories, which will help the trainees to be more efficient and capable and the transfer of learning to be more effectve. We will emphasize on three learning theories, adragogy, social learning theory and also experiental learning. A composite of the cognitive, affective, and physiological factors that serve as relatively stable indicators of how a learner perceives, interacts with, and responds to the learning environment. Included in this definition are perceptual modalities, information processing styles, and personality patterns. (www. nwlink. com) Andragogy theory (M. Knowles) is an attempt to develop a theory only for adults learning. This means that adults are self-directed. The most important aspect of this theory is that is expected to take responsibility for all their decisions. In addition, Adragogy in practical terms means that instruction for adults needs to focus more on the process and less on the content that is being taught. The most useful strategies are case studies, role-playing, simulations, and self-evaluation. Instructors usually adopt a role of facilitator or resource rather than lecturer or grader. Andragogy applies to any form of adult learning and has been used extensively in the design of organizational training programs. The assumptions of this theory are that adults need to know the purpose of learning something and also they learn when the topic is of immediate value. It is very important for adults to be involved in the planning and evaluation of their instruction. Another major issue is the experience (including mistakes), which provides the basis for learning activities. In addition adults are most interested in learning subjects that have immediate relevance to their job or personal life and lastly adult learning is problem-centered rather than content-oriented. One of the most important theories is the Social Learning Theory of A. Bandura. This theory is based on the importance of observing the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others. Bandura (1977) states: Learning would be exceedingly laborious, not to mention hazardous, if people had to rely solely on the effects of their own actions to inform them what to do. Fortunately, most human behavior is learned observationally through modeling: from observing others one forms an idea of how new behaviors are performed, and on later occasions this coded information serves as a guide for action. Through this theory Bandura tried to explain the human behavior. The social learning theory has been applied extensively to the understanding of aggression (Bandura, 1973) and psychological disorders, particularly in the context of behavior modification (Bandura, 1969). It is also the theoretical foundation for the technique of behavior modeling which is widely used in training programs. In recent years, Bandura has focused his work on the concept of self-efficacy in a variety of contexts (e. g. , Bandura, 1997). The most common (and pervasive) examples of social learning situations are television commercials. Commercials suggest that drinking a certain beverage or using a particular hair shampoo will make us popular and win the admiration of attractive people. Depending upon the component processes involved (such as attention or motivation), we may model the behavior shown in the commercial and buy the product being advertised. The three principles of Social Learning Theory are: (1) The highest level of observational learning is achieved by first organizing and rehearsing the modeled behavior symbolically and then enacting it overtly. Coding modeled behavior into words, labels or images results in better retention than simply observing. (2)Individuals are more likely to adopt a modeled behavior if it results in outcomes they value. (3) Individuals are more likely to adopt a modeled behavior if the model is similar to the observer and has admired status and the behavior has functional value. Experiential Learning (C. Rogers) is the last theory that we are going to examine is the Experiential learning theory (C. Rogers). According to C. Rogers there are two types of learning: cognitive (meaningless) and experiential (significant). The first one corresponds to academic knowledge such as learning vocabulary and the second one refers to applied knowledge such as learning about engines in order to repair a car. The key for distinction between of them is that experiential learning is focused on the needs and wants of the learner. Rogers lists these qualities of experiential learning: personal involvement, self-initiated, evaluated by learner, and pervasive effects on learner. According to Rogers in experiential learning theory a trainer has to set a positive climate for learning, clarifying the purposes of the learner(s), organizing and making available learning resources, balancing intellectual and emotional components of learning, and sharing feelings and thoughts with learners but not dominating. In addition, learning is facilitated when: the trainee participates completely in the learning process and has control over its nature and direction, it is primarily based upon direct confrontation with practical, social, personal or research problems, and self-evaluation is the principal method of assessing progress or success. Rogers also emphasizes the importance of learning to learn and an openness to change. An interested example is when someone wants to become rich might seek out books or classes on economics, investment, great financiers, banking, etc. Such an individual would perceive (and learn) any information provided on this subject in a much different fashion than a person who is assigned a reading or class. Learning Styles In order to identify the best learning style a trainer has to consider three main factors, which make up ones learning style. Firstly, the three senses auditory, visual and kinaesthetic, secondly the two reasoning types deductive and inductive and finally the two environments intrapersonal and interpersonal.

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Simple Explanation What Is FAFSA

Simple Explanation What Is FAFSA SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Have you heard your high school counselor or other students reference the FAFSA, and you didn't know what they were talking about? What is FAFSA, and what do you have to know about it?Well, if you're hoping to get financial aid for college, then it's criticalthat you know about the FAFSA. In this article, I will explain what the FAFSA is, why it's important, and the information you need to fill it out. What Is the FAFSA? FAFSA is an acronym that stands for the Free Application for Federal Student Aid. Colleges and universities use this form to determine your eligibility for federal, state, and college-sponsored financial aid, including grants, educational loans, and work-study programs. Therefore, even though the FAFSA is technically the application for federal aid, you have to fill it out to receive state and college-sponsored financial aid as well. If you're hoping for any government or school financial aid for college, you should file a FAFSA. How does the FAFSA determine your eligibility for financial aid? The FAFSA is used by the US Department of Education to calculate your Expected Family Contribution, or EFC, for college. Your EFC is a dollar amount that reflects how much you can afford to pay for college for the following academic year. The lower your EFC, the more aid you're eligible to receive. Your EFC is determined based on income, assets, and other household information you'll be asked to provide on the FAFSA. What Information Is Required on the FAFSA? You can check out the FAFSA worksheet to see all of the information you need to properly fill out the FAFSA. Now, I'll explain the information you need to enter on the form. Citizenship Status/Alien Number You need to be a legal resident of the United States or a US citizen to submit a FAFSA. However, if you're an undocumented immigrant, you have other options to get financial aid for college. Dependency Status For FAFSA purposes, most of you will be considered dependents, meaning that you're under the care of your parents. All dependents have to answer questions about their parents on the FAFSA. Due to varying family situations, this is the FAFSA definition of a "parent" for the purposes of filling out this form: "Parent" refers to a biological or adoptive parent or a person determined by the state to be a parent (for example, if the parent is listed on the birth certificate). Grandparents, foster parents, legal guardians, older siblings, and uncles or aunts are not considered parents on the FAFSA unless they have legally adopted you. If your legal parents are living and married to each other, answer the questions on the FAFSA about both of them. If your legal parents are not married and live together, answer the questions about both of them. In case of divorce or separation, give information about the parent you lived with most in the last 12 months. If you did not live with one parent more than the other, give information about the parent who provided you the most financial support during the last 12 months or during the most recent year you received support. If your divorced or widowed parent has remarried, also provide information about your stepparent. Financial Information Dependents have to report information from their parents, including their parents' previous year's adjusted gross income, government aid, untaxed income, and any other financial benefits. Your parents may be able to use the IRS Retrieval Tool to transfer their tax return information to your online FAFSA. Also, you have to report any financial benefits you received in the previous year, even if you're a dependent. What Happens After You File Your FAFSA? Student Aid Report After you file your FAFSA, if you provide a valid e-mail address, you'll receive your Student Aid Report, or SAR, in 3-5 days. Without a valid e-mail address, you'll receive your SAR via mail in 7-10 days. Your SAR will have a summary of the information you submitted on your FAFSA along with your EFC. Remember that your EFC does not determine the amount of aid you will receive from colleges; it determines the amount of aid you're eligible to receive. The EFC that displays on your SAR is a calculation based on the information you provided on your FAFSA. If there are any errors in your SAR, you can correct the information online. If your application is incomplete, your SAR will not include an EFC, but it will display text that specifies any issues that need to be resolved. In this situation, you'll also be able to complete your FAFSA online. Financial Aid Award Letters The colleges you list on your FAFSA will have access to your information electronically one day after it's processed. Colleges will use the information from your FAFSA to help determine what financial aid they offer you. Shortly after you receive your college acceptances, or even with college acceptance letters, you'll receive financialaid award letters from the colleges that accepted you. However, if you apply early decision or early action, you may have to wait until those who applied for regular decision receive their acceptance notices to get your financial aid award letter. The financial aid award letter outlines your financial aid package, including the amount of aid you'll be offered in grants, government loans, and scholarships. Subtract the amount of financial aid you're offered from the cost of attendance, and you can determine your out-of-pocket expenses for the upcoming academic year. Typically, you'll receive your aid award letters in March or April and have to commit to a college by May 1. Is the FAFSA Required? The FAFSA is only required if you want to be eligible for federal financial aid. Remember that most states and colleges also require the FAFSA to receive state or college-sponsored aid. If you or your parents can afford to pay the full cost of attendance to the colleges you apply to, then you don't have to file a FAFSA. If, based on your EFC, colleges determine that you can afford to pay the full cost of attending, you're unlikely to receive any need-based aid, even if you do file a FAFSA. Also, if you have received a scholarship that makes additional financial aid unnecessary, then you don't have to file a FAFSA. Keep in mind that regardless of whether or not you file a FAFSA, you or your parents can still take out loans to cover your college costs. What's Next? You need to submit a FAFSA to be eligible for valuable financial aid like the Pell Grant and work-study programs. Now that you understand the importance of the FAFSA, learn about how much college really costs. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Monday, November 4, 2019

Approaches to reduce occupational stress Research Paper

Approaches to reduce occupational stress - Research Paper Example We will discuss the stress involved in their work. Moreover, we will analyze the situations in which stress arose among employees in Wal-Mart, the programs they initiated to increase productivity and recommendations will be provided to curb its adverse effects on the individual so that there is a minimum impact on productivity. Wal-Mart Wal-Mart is a multi-national retail corporation, which has numerous chains, departmental stores and warehouses in different parts of the world. This company is owned by Walton Family in the United States of America and is operating in 15 countries. The employees at Wal-Mart in retail sales have been subjected to various issues over a span of time due to which the stress among employees is rising and there is a need to initiate such progressive programs through which the working conditions can become conducive and there is a regulation that promotes and projects a fair treatment among employees. Issues at Wal-Mart Employees who deal with sales at Wal-M art are always required to submit a report at the end of the month regarding the percentage of sales, which have occurred during that time. It was seen that the company faced a weak performance and sales were a total disaster. The factors, which were highlighted, showed that the decrease in sales was due to the fact that the economic condition of the United States is affected. It was seen that there was an increase in the Social Security tax due to which the customers could be facing unemployment issues, rise in price of gas etc. Due to these crises the management in Wal-Mart initiated a plan to increase workload but cut hours of employees who were working as retailers which gave rise to a period of lost sales and lower morale of employees (Boyle). The Composition of Stress at the Workplace In organizations, there are certainly outer fields of risk, uncertainty, and challenges which create the inner field of stress for employees at the workplace. Every organization contains this int ernal influential factor of stress which is described as one state of transaction between individual and environment (Dewe & Cooper, 2012). According to the Lazarus model of stress, employees’ needs and wants make them accept the factor of stress in their working environment. They accept stress because of the formal agreement with their organization or workplace which induces the elements of obligation and responsibility on employees. When employees are to fulfill the obligation and responsibility they inevitably catch the element of stress which is associated to work responsibility and obligation altogether. These are some primary causes of how stress gets involved in employees’ lives (Dewe & Cooper, 2012). The Theory of Work Design by Theorell describes stress as an influencing state that originates from employees’ work designs and more specifically from work demands (Aldwin, 2012, p.73). If demands of work are complex and are of burdening nature, stress is mo re prominent on employees at the work time. Karasek proposes Job Demands-Control model to control the demands of work on employees at the workplace. The author describes two levels of work demands- physiological work demands and psychological demands. If these two levels of work demands are controlled by employees, they can control the affect of stress at the time of work. According to Karasek, moderate stress is optimum for

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Has globalisation made the world more or less secure Discuss with Essay

Has globalisation made the world more or less secure Discuss with specific reference to the rise of non-State actors - Essay Example An indicative example is the cold war period, during which the term security was related to state and security as integrated units. In the after-cold war period, which was characterized by the gradual development of globalisation, the term security refers mostly to environmental and health problems; internal conflicts are also issues related to security in the era of globalisation. Current paper focuses on the issue whether globalisation has made the world more or less secure. Reference is also made to the non-state actors, which have been given increased powers regarding the internal issues of states. This phenomenon has been related to globalisation, which has increased its involvement in the activities of states and individuals worldwide. It is proved that the role of globalisation in security worldwide has been negative; however, the specific problem could be effectively resolved with the cooperation of states. In order for any such effort to be successful, it is required that me asures are developed in advance for controlling the expansion of non-state actors, as factors influencing the political and social framework of countries worldwide. 2. Globalisation and security in the international community. The role of non-State actors 2.1 Globalisation and security In the context of globalisation it has been made quite difficult for security worldwide to be appropriately promoted. The reason is that globalisation supports practices and ideas, which are often in opposition with the national culture and rules. In this context, the conflict between the ‘non-state actors and the intra state practices’ (Al-Rodhan 2006, p.162) is increased. The above fact has a negative influence on the efforts of international bodies to promote the world peace and health. Indeed, many of the plans developed by the UN for securing the health and safety of people in countries worldwide are led to a failure. The role of globalisation in the limitation of the security of sta tes is analysed in the study of Till et al. (2009). In accordance with the above researchers, globalisation has led states ‘to cede a number of their security functions to non-state factors’ (Till et al. 2009, p.47). The above target has been achieved through the following method: under the fear of globalisation certain states avoid their participation in critical commercial activities worldwide; however, in this way, their economic power is reduced, a fact that leads, also, to the worsening of their position, as members of the international community. Under these terms, states become weak towards military threats; in case of such threats they would need the support of non-state factors. In this way, the limitation of sovereignty, a fear that initially led the country to its economic exclusion, becomes a clear threat. The power of globalisation to promote instability is not limited to the external environment, referring to the relationship between a state and the other countries of the international community. It can also refer to the state’s internal environment, where the promotion of ‘economic disparities’ (Till et al. 2009, p.47) can lead to severe conflicts. Trying to explain the increased power of globalisation over national issues, including security, Fagan et al. (2009) referred to the weakness of the ‘old-fashioned instrumental politics’